Lisp事始め - IT練習ノート

# 入手したスクリプト
(root)MacBook-Air:cloure foo$ ls -la
-rw-r--r--   1 foo staff  12713 12 29 11:29 lein

# パーミッションをつける。
(root)MacBook-Air:cloure foo$ chmod 777 lein
(root)MacBook-Air:cloure foo$ ls -la
-rwxrwxrwx   1 foo  staff  12713 12 29 11:29 lein

# 初回起動でインストールされる。
(root)MacBook-Air:cloure foo$ ./lein
Downloading Leiningen to /Users/foo/.lein/self-installs/leiningen-2.5.3-standalone.jar now...
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   605    0   605    0     0    259      0 --:--:--  0:00:02 --:--:--   259
 11 15.0M   11 1801k    0     0  10049      0  0:26:09  0:03:03  0:23:06     0^C
Leiningen is a tool for working with Clojure projects.

Several tasks are available:
change              Rewrite project.clj by applying a function.
check               Check syntax and warn on reflection.
classpath           Print the classpath of the current project.
clean               Remove all files from project's target-path.
compile             Compile Clojure source into .class files.
deploy              Build and deploy jar to remote repository.
deps                Download all dependencies.
do                  Higher-order task to perform other tasks in succession.
help                Display a list of tasks or help for a given task.
install             Install the current project to the local repository.
jar                 Package up all the project's files into a jar file.
javac               Compile Java source files.
new                 Generate project scaffolding based on a template.
plugin              DEPRECATED. Please use the :user profile instead.
pom                 Write a pom.xml file to disk for Maven interoperability.
release             Perform :release-tasks.
repl                Start a repl session either with the current project or standalone.
retest              Run only the test namespaces which failed last time around.
run                 Run a -main function with optional command-line arguments.
search              Search remote maven repositories for matching jars.
show-profiles       List all available profiles or display one if given an argument.
test                Run the project's tests.
trampoline          Run a task without nesting the project's JVM inside Leiningen's.
uberjar             Package up the project files and dependencies into a jar file.
update-in           Perform arbitrary transformations on your project map.
upgrade             Upgrade Leiningen to specified version or latest stable.
vcs                 Interact with the version control system.
version             Print version for Leiningen and the current JVM.
with-profile        Apply the given task with the profile(s) specified.

Run `lein help $TASK` for details.

Global Options:
  -o             Run a task offline.
  -U             Run a task after forcing update of snapshots.
  -h, --help     Print this help or help for a specific task.
  -v, --version  Print Leiningen's version.

These aliases are available:
downgrade, expands to upgrade

See also: readme, faq, tutorial, news, sample, profiles, deploying, gpg,
mixed-source, templates, and copying.

replオプションをつけてleinを起動するとclojureをREPLで使用することができます。初回起動時は諸々モジュールがインストールされます。

(root)MacBook-Air:cloure foo$ ./lein repl
Retrieving org/clojure/tools.nrepl/0.2.10/tools.nrepl-0.2.10.pom from central
Retrieving org/clojure/pom.contrib/0.1.2/pom.contrib-0.1.2.pom from central
Retrieving org/sonatype/oss/oss-parent/7/oss-parent-7.pom from central
Retrieving clojure-complete/clojure-complete/0.2.3/clojure-complete-0.2.3.pom from clojars
Retrieving org/clojure/clojure/1.7.0/clojure-1.7.0.pom from central
Retrieving org/clojure/clojure/1.7.0/clojure-1.7.0.jar from central
Retrieving org/clojure/tools.nrepl/0.2.10/tools.nrepl-0.2.10.jar from central
Retrieving clojure-complete/clojure-complete/0.2.3/clojure-complete-0.2.3.jar from clojars
nREPL server started on port 55577 on host 127.0.0.1 - nrepl://127.0.0.1:55577
REPL-y 0.3.7, nREPL 0.2.10
Clojure 1.7.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 1.8.0_05-b13
    Docs: (doc function-name-here)
          (find-doc "part-of-name-here")
  Source: (source function-name-here)
 Javadoc: (javadoc java-object-or-class-here)
    Exit: Control+D or (exit) or (quit)
 Results: Stored in vars *1, *2, *3, an exception in *e

clojureのREPLを使ってみます。カッコを入力すると、瞬間的に対応するカッコにフォーカスが移動して元に戻ります。

# リストを作る。

user=> (list 'a 'b 'c)
(a b c)

# carは使えなようです。

user=> car (list 'a 'b 'c)

CompilerException java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to resolve symbol: car in this context, compiling:(/private/var/folders/hw/p4bp49hd7v9_1j60sjvmhqnr0000gn/T/form-init2681034788118954262.clj:1:1062) 
(a b c)

# carではなくfirstを使います。

user=> (first (list 'a 'b 'c))
a

# cdrではなくrestを使います。

user=> (rest (list 'a 'b 'c))
(b c)
user=> 

# 足し算
user=> (+ 1 2 3 4 5)
15

# リテラルは日本語も大丈夫なようです。
user=> (list 'あ 'b)
(あ b)

user=>